Neuroradiologie
CT
| Kenmerken | Indicatie | |
|---|---|---|
| CT zonder contrast | Oedeem hypodens Bloed hyperdens |
Oedeem met blurring gray-white matter area (ischemic infarction) |
| CT met contrast | Small contrast enhacing nodular lesions due to deficient BBB | Kleine metastasen |
| CT angiografie / venografie | Direct visualizations of cerebral arteries or veins | Infarct, occlusie Veneuze thrombose (no contrast in sinuses) |
| CT perfusie | Differentiatie tussen penumbra en core | Bij ischemic stroke |
Important
CT superieur voor: - acute pathologie- bony pathologie
MRI
Basic tools
| Kenmerken | Indicatie | |
|---|---|---|
| T1-weighted image | Water zwart Grijze stof grijs Witte stof wit |
Most pathology is dark Hyperintensity voor bloed, mineralen, vet & proteins |
| T2-weighted image | Water wit Grijze stof wit Witte stof grijs |
Pathology sequence |
| FLAIR | T2-sequence in which water is black | Pathology sequence Vaak duidelijker dan T2 |
| DWI | Diffusion restriction → white Infarcted brain tissue shows increased diffusion restriction |
Main indication is acute ischemic infarction |
| ADC | Black on ADC map confirms true diffusion restriction (and not T2-shine trough) | |
| T2*-images | Magnetic susceptibility artefacts are also made visible | (Micro-) hemorrhages |
| SWI | Like T2* but more sensitive | (Micro-) hemorrhages |
Specific tools
| Kenmerken | Indicatie | |
|---|---|---|
| T1 + Gadolinium | Gadolinium shortens T1-relaxation time | Pathology associated with deficient BBB |
| 3D-TOF-angiografie | Signal of stationary tissue is repressed | = MR angiografie |
| 3D-MPRAGE | Thin-sliced T1-weighted sequence | |
| CISS, 3D-FIESTA | Thin-sliced T2-weighted sequence | Visualization of small cranial nerves |
Advanced tools
| Kenmerken | |
|---|---|
| MRI perfusion | Visualize changes in brain perfusion |
| MR spectroscopie | Visualize biochemical or molecular composition |
| Functional MRI | Visualize small changes in blood flow associated with specific brain activity |
| DTI | Visualize white matter tracts |
Important
MRI voorkeur voor meeste neurologische indicaties en heeft superieur soft-tissue contrast ivm CT